Rose cultivation is one of the most crucial flower cultivations in the world. It is used in almost every event. It comes in a variety of shapes and sizes and various colours. Roses are native to India, but some types are also found in America, Africa, and Europe. It is also a medicinal flower that is mainly preferred to treat acne, stress, and depression. Karnataka, Bihar, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Jammu and Kashmir, Gujarat, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, and Andhra Pradesh are the major suppliers of roses in India. In addition, farmers now grow roses in greenhouses to increase production.
How to Do Rose Cultivation
Here are some rose cultivation requirements and methods. So scroll down to learn more.
Climate Requirements
Rose cultivation requires temperatures ranging from 18 to 30°C. And the seeds should be planted at a temperature of 25 to 30°C. Furthermore, the 200 to 300 mm of rainfall per year is ideal for rose cultivation. Therefore, it has the potential to show the most significant growth in the criteria mentioned above. Finally, the crop must be harvested at temperatures ranging from 20 to 28°C.
Soil RequirementÂ
Roses can be grown in well-drained sandy loam soil with plenty of organic matter. For proper growth, the pH level should be between 6 and 7.5. Because the rose plant is susceptible to waterlogging, excess water should be removed and an appropriate drainage system installed. To complete this task, you should use a high-quality tractor such as Swaraj 735 or another.
Favourite Varieties
Roses are classified into three types: species, old garden, and modern rose. So, let’s check them one by one.
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Species Roses
This variety, also known as a wild rose, has five brightly coloured petals. Let’s look at some examples.
- Rosa rugose – It is originated in JapanÂ
- Banksiae – known as lady bank and is originated in ChinaÂ
- Moyes – Native of china
- Multiflora – Native of Asia
- Musk
- Sempervirens
- Solana
- Setigera
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Old Garden Rose
This rose group is more appealing and fragrant. Furthermore, it can grow in warm climates. This group is easy to grow, disease-free, and winter-hardy. Some of the rose plants in this category are shrubs. The remaining roses grow like vines. This group has many beautiful and colourful blooming flowers, but white and pastel are the most popular. This category includes China roses, Damask roses, Tea roses, Moss Rosses, Bourbon Roses, and others. Let us learn more about them.
- Centifolia – known as cabbage rose
- Damask – Found in deep pinkÂ
- Alba – a type of light pink to white flowers
- Bourbon – Light pink to deep pinkish
- Boursault – Flowers are purplish-redÂ
- Hybrid Perpetual – Flowers grows from pink to red
- Noisette – Flowers are in pink
- Macrantha – Light pink to whiteÂ
- Moss – In a variety of colour
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Modern Roses
This is the most popular group resulting from hybrid tea and primrose cross-breeding. Let us learn more about them.
- Hybrid tea – Paradise, Peace, Polarstern, Pristine etc.
- Floribunda – Having small flowers, Florence, Jaguar, Impatient, Frisco, kiss, Angel Face, Ivory Fashion
- Shrub Rose – Wild species, a cross between unique rose and bush rose, requiring little maintenance, Bonica, Golden Wings, Abraham Darby, Frau Dagmar Hartopp, etc.
- Climbing rose – Long branches, little pruning required, can grow on the wall, Blaze, Climbing Iceberg, Dortmund, Don Juan, Rambler roses, Everblooming climbers
- Miniature Roses – Up to 2 feet height, flowers are small, Red Beauty, Rainbows End, Rise N Shine
- Grandifloras – Up to the height of 2-3 feet, Aquarius, Pink Parfait, Gold Medal and medium to large flowers
- Standard or Tree Rose – Up to 2 to 3 feet in height
- Flower Carpet – Groundcover roses, sustain in hard winter, pest resistant, Scarlet, Amber, Pink Supreme
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Other Varieties of Roses
- Exhibition Varieties – Red- Christian Dior, Super Star, First Prize, Pusa Sonia, Eiffel Tower, Montezuma
- Commercial Varieties – Pusa Gaurav (Pink varieties), First Red (red varieties), Montezuma, Pusa Priya
- Scented Varieties – Sugandha, Crimson Glory, La France
- Other Varieties – Gen Vaidya, Arusumo, Proudland, Kalpana, Vivaldi, Sika, Summer Fragerance, Mother and Baby, American Home, Jogan, Amacia, Montreal, Melina, Soller, Night N Day, Pilgrim, MME Teresa Estabing, Papa Pirosa, Elegant Beauty, Pampa, Grandmaster Piece, Golden Jubilee, Chimson Tide, Polarstern, Fulton Mackay, Rocklea, Hebe Kuborgo, Belami, Madelon, Perfect Moment, Sweet Surrender, summer dream, Lapdef, Madosh, Godavari, Rosenrot, Dreaming, Pastel Delight, Roundalay, City kenda, Jessie Mathews, Portland Thail Blazer, Mirandi, Fragerance Lady, Execiting, Lucy Cromphorn, Banco, Krithika, Leg glow, Emily Post, Dame Décor, Jean Gaujard, Austin Reed, Tynwald, Dolly Parton, MME Denise Galloise, Alaska Centennial, Bacardy, Touch of Glass, Jayalalitha, Chaitra, Command Performance, Chalis Gold, Royal Amathyst, Ashwini, MME President, Agena, Alliance, Alpha, Bellease, Alinka, Ariane, Bella Epoque, Besancon, Bridal Bush, Blue Monday, Brinessa, Cabaret, Bridal Dream, Blessings, Cacico
Preparation of Land
Ploughing and hoeing operations are required to bring the soil to a suitable tilth for rose farming. prepare the beds four to six weeks before planting. Following that, apply 2 tonnes of well-decomposed manure and 2 kg of superphosphate. Furthermore, levelling operations must be performed in order to form uniform beds. To plough the land, you should use a high-quality tractor such as Swaraj 963 and others. It has the capability to save you money.
Sowing
In the Northern states, mid-October is the best time to plant roses. The space between plants should be roughly 75 cm, and the seeding depth should be 2 to 3 cm. Planting methods include direct sowing of seedlings, cutting procedure, and budding method.
Plant Protection
Pest and their control:
- Caterpillar – Spraying of Methomyl along with sticker @ 1ml
- Thrips, aphids and Leafhopper – Spraying of Carbofuran 3G @ 5gm per plant or Methyl Demeton 25EC @ 2ml
Disease and their control:
- Leaf Spot – Spraying of Copper Oxychloride @ 2.5gm/Ltr of water
- Powdery Mildew – Spraying of Flusilazole @ 40ml + Teepol @50ml
- Dieback – Spraying of Chlorothalonil @ 2gm+Teepol @ 0.5ml/Ltr of water
Irrigation
Plants must established and firmly settled in the field. The climate and land type determine irrigation frequency. Aside from that, you should employ current irrigation technologies such as drip irrigation. It can be the most suitable alternative for your farm. Sprinkler irrigation should also avoid because it can harm the crop.
Harvesting
The economic yield of roses can be obtained from the second year onwards. Then, when the petals begin to open but do not entirely open, and the flowers acquire their proper colour, it is time to harvest. Harvesting can be done using sharp hand pruners. Harvesting the field should be done early in the morning or late in the evening.
Stay tuned for more exciting blogs from us. We’ll be back again with other crucial information.
